Jewish Interwar Periodical in Poland, Polish language, 1918-1939 | Los Angeles Museum of the Holocaust
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Chwila (Moment), Jewish daily edition in Lviv from 1919-1939. Published in Polish.
Chwila, an acclaimed professional publication of moderate Zionist orientation, reported international and domestic affairs with a special emphasis on Jewish political and socio-economic life in Galicia and Poland. It also reflected on Jewish-Polish and Jewish-Ukrainian relations. It was read all over Poland by Jews and non-Jews. A cohort of the talented Jewish writers, journalists, and public figures debuted on its pages.
In comparison with the above listed editions, Chwila is most fully represented in our Archive.
Archive has daily publications from 1919-1928, 1930, 1935, and 1939.
Prominent Jewish-Polish political, public and societal figures were associated with Chwila. The circle comprising the editorial board and permanent contributors include Jewish politicians, literati, public figures and professionals. Chwila gained the reputation of highly professional and well balanced publication oriented to the Jewish National Cause.
Jewish national intelligentsia, largely professionals and men and women of liberal professions made Chwila a high-class Jewish-Polish periodical read not only by Jewish circles but also by Polish and Ukrainian readership.
Devoted protagonist of National Jewish Cause and talented literati constituted the core of the authorship. They were Leon Reich, Henryk Hescheles, Henryk Adler, Leon Weinstock, Fiszel Rotenstreich, Emil Sommerstein, Ignacy Schwarzbart, Adolf Rothfeid, Emil Schmorak, Ludwik Mund, Juliusz Worzel, Bernard Singel and Ezriel Carlebach.
A new generation of Polish-Jewish modernist writers published narratives on the pages of Chwila. Most of these names would later constitute the core of the new Polish literature. Here they are: Debora Vogel, Artur Sandauer, Chaim Loew, Pinchas Kon, Jehuda Warszawiak, Leon Gutman, Rachela Auerbachowna.
Editorial Board and Contributors largely represented the course of the Eastern Galicain Zionist Organization. Its leadership regarded a coperation, if not a political union, with the Ukrainian national movement in Eastern Galicia as one of its priorities.
The East Galician Zionist Organization and Chwila as its official publication were perhaps the only political establishments in Jewish society of Poland that endorsed the neutrality in Polish-Ukrainian military conflict over Eastern Galicia with persistent neutrality. In the Polish-dominated political milieu and under the factual governance of Polish military and civil authority, the Zionist endorsed political and military neutrality definitively translates in to anti-Polish and pro-Ukrainian stand or in other words a commitment to the right of nations to self-determination.
In the course on the interwar period, Chwila was taking an independent position in relation to the existential political and social developments in Eastern Galicia, Poland and international affairs.
The periodical covered extensively and in its own political and journalistic terms the Polish-Ukrainian war over Eastern Galicia, the Steiger Trial (1924 – 1925), the assassination of Simon Petliura (May 1925); the Polish-Jewish Rapprochement known as Uguoda (the Agreement); election campaigns to Polish Sejm (Parliament) and the Senate; the activities of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists; ethno-national tensions in Poland, the role and perspective of the new course in Polish politics known as Sanation; antisemitic tendencies in the politics of Polish governments, the economic setbacks and the increase of poverty of Jewish population; the rise of National Socialism in Germany and subsequent rise of autheritarism of Polish central and regional authorities and the inevitable advent of the war with Nazi Germany – to name just the major themes in the publications.
Like other Polish Jewish publications, Chwila criticized radical assimilation, supported Jewish national revival, and called for the building of a Jewish state in Palestine. At the same time, it stressed the value of contributions to Polish culture made by assimilated Jews. One of its recurring themes was the situation in higher education, reflecting the concerns of Jewish students at the University of Lwów, and the question of the numerus clausus (enrollment quotas).
The paper devoted more attention than other dailies to local and regional issues (e.g., it had a column titled “Z gminy żydowskiej” [From the Jewish Community]) and featured regular news about communities in the smaller southeastern towns (Chwila Drohobycka and Chwila Tarnopolska [Drohobycz and Tarnopol Chwila, respectively]). This local focus also reflected Chwila’s interest in Galician Jewish culture; it featured articles about the region’s towns, luminaries, and Jewish writers.
Author: staffAssassination of Symon Petliura, Paris, 1926
Assimilation and acculturation in Eastern Galicia, 1918 --1939
Bottwin (Botwin), Naftali
Chwila, newspaper, Jewish (Polish)
Communist Party of Western Ukraine (KPZU), 1923 -- 1939
Dawid Schreiber, lawyer, public figure, member of Polish parliament, contributor to Chwila
Eastern Galicia (Poland: Region)
Eastern Galician Zionist Organization, 1918 --1939
Emil Sommerstein, lawyer, member of Polish parliament, philosopher, contributor to Chwila
Interwar Poland
Jewish -- Polish relations in interwar Poland
Jewish -- Ukrainian relation in interwar Poland
Jewish Community of Lwow (Lviv), interwar Poland
Jewish Life in Interwar Poland and Ukraine
Jewish literary publication, Eastern Galicia, 1918 --1939
Jewish national minority in interwar Poland
Jewish Orthodoxy as a political representation, Eastern Galicia, 1918 -- 1939
Jewish parliamentary representation in the Sejm (Polish Parliament), 1918 -- 1939
Jewish political publications, Eastern Galicia, 1918 --1939
Jewish political spectrum in interwar Eastern Galicia
Jewish politics in interwar Poland
Jewish Popular Party (Folkists) in Poland, 1918 --1939
Jewish Social-Democratic party (BUND) in Eastern Galicia, 1918 --1939
Jewish social and cultural publications, Eastern Galicia, 1918 --1939
Jewish writers of interwar time, Poland
Juliusz Wurzel, lawyer, senator of Poland, publicist, contributor to Chwila
Leon Reich, Polish-Jewish politician, Chairman of East Galician Zionist Organization, Member of Sejm
Lviv (Ukraine)
Lwow (Poland)
Maurycy Szymel, poet, publicist in Yiddish, contributor to Chwila
Minority Affairs in interwar Poland
National minorities, Ukrainian
Numerus Clausus, a quota reducing admission of Jewish students to Universities, Poland
Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN)
Periodicals, Jewish
Poland in interwar period, 1918 -- 1939
Polish Parliamentary Elections, 1919 -- 1939
Polish Socialist Party (PPS), 1918 --1939
Reflections of Jewish political and social life in interwar Poland, 1918 -- 1919
Relations between Jewish parliamentary representation and Polish state
School, Jewish, interwar Poland
Steiger, Stanislaw
Steiger Affair and Trial, 1924 -- 1925
Teofil Olshanskij, member of the Ukrainian Military Organization, a militant
Ugoda (the Agreement), Jewish -- Polish Agreement, July 1925
Ukrainian - Polish relations in the Second World War, 1939 -- 1945
Ukrainian Military Organization (Ukrainska Organizacja Vojskova, UVO)
Ukrainian – Polish War in Galicia, 1918 – 1919
West Ukrainian National Republic, 1918 -- 1923
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Documents and Files:
RG-18.03.01.01, Chwila, January 10, 1919, No. 1
RG-18.03.01.02, Chwila, January 12, 1919, No. 2
RG-18.03.01.03, Chwila, January 19, 1919, No. 8
RG-18.03.01.04, Chwila, January 23, 1919, No. 11
RG-18.03.01.05, Chwila, January 28, 1919, No. 15
RG-18.03.01.06, Chwila, January 29, 1919, No. 16
RG-18.03.01.07, Chwila, January 30, 1919, No. 17
RG-18.03.01.08, Chwila, January 31, 1919, No. 18
RG-18.03.01.09, Chwila, February 2, 1919, No. 20
RG-18.03.01.10, Chwila, February 6, 1919, No. 23
RG-18.03.01.11, Chwila, February 7, 1919, No. 24
RG-18.03.01.12, Chwila, February 8, 1919, No. 25
RG-18.03.01.13, Chwila, February 9, 1919, No. 26
RG-18.03.01.14, Chwila, February 10, 1919, No. 27
RG-18.03.01.15, Chwila, February 11, 1919, No. 28
RG-18.03.01.16, Chwila, February 12, 1919, No. 29
RG-18.03.01.17, Chwila, February 13, 1919, No. 31
RG-18.03.01.18, Chwila, February 14, 1919, No. 32
RG-18.03.01.19, Chwila, February 15, 1919, No. 33
RG-18.03.01.20, Chwila, February 16, 1919, No. 34
RG-18.03.01.21, Chwila, February 17, 1919, No. 35
RG-18.03.01.22, Chwila, February 18, 1919, No. 36
RG-18.03.01.23, Chwila, February 19, 1919, No. 37
RG-18.03.01.24, Chwila, February 20, 1919, No. 38
RG-18.03.01.25, Chwila, February 21, 1919, No. 39
RG-18.03.01.26, Chwila, February 22, 1919, No. 40
RG-18.03.01.27, Chwila, February 23, 1919, No. 41
RG-18.03.01.28, Chwila, February 24, 1919, No. 42
RG-18.03.01.29, Chwila, February 25, 1919, No. 43
RG-18.03.01.30, Chwila, February 26, 1919, No. 44
RG-18.03.01.31, Chwila, February 27, 1919, No. 45
RG-18.03.01.32, Chwila, February 28, 1919, No. 46
RG-18.03.01.33, Chwila, March 1, 1919, No. 47
RG-18.03.01.34, Chwila, March 2, 1919, No. 48
RG-18.03.01.35, Chwila, March 3, 1919, No. 49
RG-18.03.01.36, Chwila, March 4, 1919, No. 50
RG-18.03.01.37, Chwila, March 5, 1919, No. 51
RG-18.03.01.38, Chwila, March 6, 1919, No. 52
RG-18.03.01.39, Chwila, March 7, 1919, No. 53
RG-18.03.01.40, Chwila, March 8, 1919, No. 54
RG-18.03.01.41, Chwila, March 9, 1919, No. 55
RG-18.03.01.42, Chwila, March 10, 1919, No. 56
RG-18.03.01.43, Chwila, March 11, 1919, No. 57
RG-18.03.01.44, Chwila, March 12, 1919, No. 58
RG-18.03.01.45, Chwila, March 13, 1919, No. 59
RG-18.03.01.46, Chwila, March 14, 1919, No. 60
RG-18.03.01.47, Chwila, March 15, 1919, No. 61
RG-18.03.01.48, Chwila, March 16, 1919, No. 62
RG-18.03.01.49, Chwila, March 17, 1919, No. 63
RG-18.03.01.50, Chwila, March 18, 1919, No. 64
RG-18.03.01.51, Chwila, March 19, 1919, No. 65
RG-18.03.01.52, Chwila, March 20, 1919, No. 66
RG-18.03.01.53, Chwila, March 21, 1919, No. 67